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Neuroethics and Biopolitics of Cognitive Enhancement Biotechnologies
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Neuroethics and Biopolitics of Cognitive Enhancement Biotechnologies
Annotation
PII
S004287440000231-9-
DOI
10.31857/S004287440000231-9
Publication type
Article
Status
Published
Authors
Olga Popova 
ORCID: 0000-0002-3825-7544
Occupation: The leading researcher – the chair of the department of humanitarian expertize and bioethics, CSc in Philosophy
Affiliation: Institute philosophy of Russian academy of sciences
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Pavel Tishchenko
Affiliation: Institute philosophy of Russian academy of sciences
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Sergey Shevchenko
Affiliation: Institute of philosophy of Russian academy of sciences
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Edition
Issue 7
Pages
96-108
Abstract

The powerful trend to use the achievements of medical science and biotechnologies not only for treatment but also for human enhancement was formed at the turn of the millennia. One manifestation of this trend is the phenomenon of “academic doping”, which is the application of a variety of medical (particularly pharmacological) means for betterment of cognitive capacities. In neurotics, which emerged at the intersection of bioethics and neuroscience, academic doping and related practices are usually named as cognitive enhancement (Cognitive Enhancement, CE) technologies. Modern medicine does not have sufficient knowledge to prove the efficacy and safety of CE means. Therefore, the basic moral principle -"First, do no harm!"- commands medical professionals to refrain from the use of CE products in healthy people. The article notes that the lack of knowledge could be not only quantitative but also qualitative. There is a fundamental contradiction between the requirements of reliability and validity of the obtained in experiments knowledge. This contradiction is interpreted not as a temporary condition, but as a basic one. It represents complexity in organization and activities of human consciousness. The attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was discussed as a characteristic example of CE technologies medicalization that is going in consumer societies. Specific features of the modern type of biopower were also discussed. CE technologies consumers are constructing themselves as subjects not in power of true knowledge and effective control (as it was the case in classical medicine), but in consumption of signs of body power inscribed by commercials and different kinds of consumerist society mythologies. Biopower spreads as systematic manipulation of signs (J. Baudrillard).

Keywords
biotechnology, cognitive enhancement, human neuroscience, neuroethics, cognitive liberty, autonomy, attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity, reliable knowledge, validity of knowledge, medicalization, biopower, truth, consumer society
Received
17.08.2018
Date of publication
24.09.2018
Number of purchasers
10
Views
1105
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0.0 (0 votes)
Previous versions
S004287440000231-9-1 Дата внесения правок в статью - 31.07.2018
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References

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